What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome?
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified as a functional gastrointestinal disorder. This means symptoms occur without identifiable structural damage to the digestive tract.
IBS affects how the gut functions, including bowel movement patterns and sensitivity within the gastrointestinal system. Symptoms may be ongoing or episodic.
Common Symptoms
Symptoms vary between individuals and may change over time. Common symptoms include:
- Abdominal pain or cramping
- Bloating or gas
- Diarrhoea, constipation, or alternating bowel habits
- Changes in stool consistency or frequency
Types of IBS
- IBS-D: Diarrhoea-predominant
- IBS-C: Constipation-predominant
- IBS-M: Mixed bowel habits
- IBS-U: Unclassified IBS
Possible Causes and Triggers
The precise cause of IBS remains unclear. Research suggests that multiple factors may contribute, including altered gut motility, gut-brain signalling, previous infections, and stress-related factors.
Diagnosis
IBS is typically diagnosed based on symptoms and medical history. Healthcare providers may use established diagnostic criteria and may conduct tests to rule out other conditions when necessary.
Management and Support
Management strategies vary between individuals and may include dietary adjustments, stress management, and medical guidance. Individuals should consult qualified healthcare professionals for personalised advice.